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Jere Krischel at 05:20, 12 December 2005

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1 1 6 4 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.
they have not the power to do so. Hence their strategic value to the
United States, and they can in no way be so well utilized as by the
perpetuation of this treaty, which will increase and retaiu a commanding
American influence, such as it needs, and which will be better for
all of its wants than annexation. Secretary J. G. Blaine makes the
Monroe doctrine to include the islands because of their location.
A San Francisco Bulletin leader of May 2 says:
There seems to be no occasion to distrust what is known as our manifest destiny
on this hemisphere, but prudent statesmanship will see that no germs are planted
that may bo the cause of unnecessary trouble in the future. Upon this subject
of European interference in the affairs of this continent the people are as set and
determined in their opinions as they were in their maiuteuauce of the Union of
these States.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
S, N. CASTLE.
Hon. ELWOOD THOENE,
Washington, D. 0.
If the United States looks to commercial supremacy or even a participation
upon equal terms in the great and growing commerce of the
Northern Pacific they need a paramount influence in the Hawaiian
Islands, and there is no method by which they can so obtain this object
as by making reciprocity treaty perpetual. By doing this the islands
become a commercial dependency of the United States, for the prosperity
of the islands is made very dependent upon the commerce
which the treaty promotes and stimulates and the effect would be to
bind them closer and closer to the States, and their proximity gives
them an advantage over any other maritime power in this respect.
Mr. Lincoln truly says, u Virtually they were once a colony." They were
nurtured and civilized and Christianized by its citizens and they have
earned their right above any other nation. And as the London Times
says, " The maritime power that holds the key to the North Pacific,"
and Sir Geo. Simpson says, " This archipelago is far more valuable
that it neither is nor can be shared by a rival."
These are the recorded views of high British authorities, and I
repeat, if the United States wish in the future to participate upon
equal terms in the commerce of the North Pacific it seems wise to
possess themselves of this "key" by making it a commercial dependency,
and there is no way in wliich it can be done so well as to perpetuate
this treaty. If the United States are content to control the
commerce in her borders only they have no need of the islands.
They have only to fortify impregnably their seaports and they will
be secure from molestation, but they must be content to resign all
commercial supremacy or even parity to others.
Since the incidents which I have narrated have transpired and the
quotations which I have made were recorded, all the reasons which
then existed to render the Hawaiian Islands valuable have been intensified
and have rendered them more important than they were then.
Both Great Britain and Prance have extended and strengthened their
colonial possessions in this ocean, and the United States have added
California and Alaska to its territory on the Pacific, and our Pacific
commerce with China and Japan has grown up from California and
Oregon, and since the reciprocity treaty went into effect imports from
and exports to the Hawaiian Islands have been quadrupled.
Every political motive, as well as commercial, calls upon the United
States to establish the advantage which the treaty has already given
HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 1165
them bv making it perpetual, and to do it without delay, before any
complications shall arise with any rival power and the control of the
islands shall slip out of their hands. Wisdom calls for this without
allTheScharge of'fraud which has been brought by interested parties in
reeard to the importation of sugars and rice from other countries under
its provisions is utterly baseless and has been so proved. Its originators
are both base and criminal for taxing serious crimes without the
shadow of a reason, and if the United States allows its present vantage
to be lost by reason of these charges they will sustain a state
loss which others will not be slow to improve for their own benefit.
S. N. CASTLE.
JUNE 13,1893.
DEAR S I B : In conformity with your request I herewith inclose to
you " Memoranda and Reminiscences of Incidents m Hawaiian History"
which bear chiefly upon the wisdom of the treaty as a state
political measure, and remain,
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
SAMUEL N. CASTLE.
Hon. E. E. THORNE.
Senator GRAY. Mr. Chairman, I desire that these communications
be made a part of this record.
The CHAIRMAN. There is no objection to that.
The communications are as follows:
U. S. R. S. DALE, 3RD RATE,
Navy- Yard, Washington, D. C, January 25, 1894.
SIR: I respectfully request the necessary permission to forward the
inclosed communication to the Hon. George Gray, M. C.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J x . E. S. HOUSTON,
Commander U. 8. Navy, Commanding.
The SECRETARY OF THE NAVY,
Navy Department, Washington, D. 0.
(First indorsement.]
NAVY DEPARTMENT,
Bureau of Navigation, January 27,1894.
Respectfully returned to Commander E. S. Houston, U. S. Navy, who
is informed that he is authorized by the Department to forward the
inclosed communication to the Hon. George Gray, M. C.
F. M. KAMSAY,
Chief of Bureau.
[Second indorsement.)
COMMANDANT'S OFFICE.
Navy-Yard, Washington, D. C, January 29, 1894.
Forwarded, returned to Commander E. S. Houston, with reference
to the above. J.A.HOWELL,
Captain, U. 8. Navy, Commandant.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{p|1164}}
 they have not the power to do so.   Hence their
 strategic value to the
@@ Line 14: / Line 13: @@
 A San Francisco Bulletin leader of May 2 says:
-There seems to be no occasion to distrust what is
+<small>There seems to be no occasion to distrust what is
 known as our manifest
 destiny on this hemisphere, but prudent statesmanship
@@ Line 24: / Line 23: @@
 people are as set and determined in their opinions as
 they were in their
-maintenance of the Union of these States.
+maintenance of the Union of these States.</small>
 I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
-S.N. CASTLE.
+S.N. {{sc|Castle}}.
 ''Washington, D. C.''
@@ Line 109: / Line 107: @@
 {{p|1165}}
 them by making it perpetual, and to do it without
 delay, before any
@@ Line 131: / Line 128: @@
 be slow to improve for their own benefit.
-S.N. CASTLE.
+S.N. {{sc|Castle}}.
 {{break}}
 JUNE 13,1893.
-DEAR Sir:  In conformity with your request I
+{{sc|Dear Sir}}:  In conformity with your request I
 herewith inclose to you
 "Memoranda and Reminiscences of Incidents in Hawaiian
@@ Line 148: / Line 143: @@
 Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
-SAMUEL N. CASTLE.
+{{sc|Samuel N. Castle}}.
-Hon. E. E. THORNE.
+Hon. E. E. {{sc|Thorne}}.
-Senator GRAY.  Mr. Chairman, I desire that these
+Senator {{sc|Gray.}} Mr. Chairman, I desire that these
 communications be made a
 part of this record.
-The CHAIRMAN.  There is no objection to that. The
+The {{sc|Chairman.}} There is no objection to that. The
 communications are as
 follows:
-U.S.R.S. DALE, 3RD RATE,
+:U.S.R.S. {{sc|Dale, 3rd Rate}},
+:''Navy-Yard, Washington, D.C, January 25, 1894.''
-SIR:  I respectfully request the necessary permission
+:{{sc|Sir}}:  I respectfully request the necessary permission  to forward the enclosed communication to the Hon. George Gray, M. C.
-Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
+:Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
-E.S. HOUSTON,
+:E.S. {{sc|Houston}},
-''Commander U.S. Navy, Commanding.''
+:The {{sc|Secretary of the Navy}},
-The SECRETARY OF THE NAVY,
+:<small>[First endorsement.]</small>
-NAVY DEPARTMENT,
+:{{sc|Navy Department}},
+:''Bureau of Navigation, January 27,1894.''
-Respectfully returned to Commander E.S. Houston,
+:Respectfully returned to Commander E.S. Houston, U. S. Navy, who is informed that he is authorized by the Department to forward the enclosed communication to the Hon. George Gray, M.C.
-F. M. RAMSAY,
+:F. M. {{sc|Ramsay}},
+:''Chief of Bureau.''
-<small>[Second endorsement.]</small>
+:<small>[Second endorsement.]</small>
+:{{sc|Commandant's Office}}.
-COMMANDANT'S OFFICE.
+:''Navy-Yard,  Washington, D.C, January 29, 1894.''
-Forwarded, returned to Commander E. S. Houston, with
+:Forwarded, returned to Commander E. S. Houston, with reference to the above.
-J.A. HOWELL,
+:J.A. {{sc|Howell}},
+:''Captain, U.S. Navy, Commandant.''

@@ Line 30: / Line 30: @@
 S.N. CASTLE.
-Hon. ELWOOD THOENE,
+Hon. ELWOOD THORNE,
 ''Washington, D. C.''

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 be better for all of
 its wants than annexation.   Secretary J.G. Blaine
-makes the ''Monroe
+makes the ''Monroe doctrine to include the islands because of their location.''
 A San Francisco Bulletin leader of May 2 says: