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1096 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. (W. O. Smith's office) to discuss the situation, and it was there decided that they should appoint a committee of thirteen (which has become a historical number in Hawaiian affairs), to devise ways and means of correcting what they considered abuses of the Crown, and to take such measures as they thought necessary for that purpose. The feeling in the community was one of unrest, and the most intense excitement prevailed during the day, the following day, and the Monday succeeding, and the Tuesday following the Monday. Nothing was accomplished, so far as I know, on Sunday; but Monday morning an announcement was made that there would be a mass meeting held in the afternoon by the citizens in favor of good government. Senator FRYE. Was that a public announcement? Mr. DAY. A public announcement; yes. Accordingly, at 2o'clock in the afternoon, the meeting was held in the armory on Eeretania street. That meeting was attended by the white men of the community, mostly of all classes and nationalities. There must have been, I should judge, 1,200 or 1,300 men there, and it was an exceedingly quiet meeting. You could tell by the expression of the men's faces that they understood that it was a matter of extreme importance and gravity which confronted them. At this meeting the speakers related the political history of the country for the last few months, and also a report of the committee was made, and speeches which incited the men to their duty as citizens who wanted to preserve their civil liberties. The action of the committee in calling the meeting was ratified, with only one dissenting voice, and also ordering the committee to go on still further and take such measures as they thought necessary for the maintainance of government and the protection of life and property. The meeting adjourned about 4 o'clock in the afternoon, everyone feeling that we were>on the eve of a crisis. That evening the news came to me that the monarchy was to be abrogated and that there was to be the establishment of a a provisional form of government. Senator GRAY. When was that? Mr. DAY. That was Monday evening; and I think the word was passed around pretty generally among the supporters of the Eeform party, as it was called. That evening about 5 o'clock troops from the Boston were landed, and a detachment was sent to the legation, the consulate, and Mr. Atherton's grounds on King street. The latter detachment was afterward removed to Arion Hall. That night 1 remember being aroused by the alarm of fire. It turned out to be a small affair, supposed to be of incendiary origin, on Emma street. Senator GRAY. An outbuilding, was it not? Mr. DAY. That is my recollection—that it was an outbuilding. It was a small fire. On the following day we understood that at a given signal those who were in favor of the movement were to meet at the Honolulu Eifies' armory, and with arms, and proceed upon the Government building. I was returning from making a professional call shortly after 2 o'clock in the afternoon, and passed the armory. I saw the men collecting there Senator GRAY. You say that they were notified. Were you one of those who were notified? Mr. DAY. NO. I saw a friend coming toward the armory. I asked him what was the matter, and asked if the signal was given, and he said that Goode had shot a policeman and they were going to proceed at once; so I put my horse away and put my revolver in my pocket and hurried to the. armory. I had planned myself, without discussing the matter with anyone, to do my duty as a professional man. I had pro- HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 1097 vided surgical dressings in considerable quantity for the wounded and had taken my revolver to use simply in case of a conflict, which every one expected. I went to the armory. Men were collecting from all parts of the city, and I walked with them to the Government building. The grounds were then fairly well filled with men bearing arms and gathering crowds of people. I remained there an hour or more. Senator FRYE. When you got there what was going on ? Mr. DAY. The troops were drawn up in line in front of the door. Senator FRYE. The Provisional Government troops? Mr. DAY. The troops of the Provisional Government. The men who had been collecting at the armory and walked over. They were drawn up in line around the main entrance of the building. I remained there an hour or more and learned that the proclamation abrogating the monarchy had been read, but I did not hear it; I was not in proper position to hear it. I then walked out the side entrance, saw the troops of the Boston in the yard of Arion Hall, not drawn up at all, not with their muskets in their hands—most of them leaning up against the fence, looking on at what was going on across the way. Senator GRAY. Did the troops have their muskets stacked? Mr. DAY. That is my recollection—that they were. They had a guard pacing before the gate, but they were simply there looking out —not under arms. I walked to the steps of the opera house, a short distance away, and stood there a short time. I saw a commotion in the crowd and they all looked toward the palace. I saw the royal standard come down from the flagstaff upon the palace. I asked some one who was standing near by what it meant. They did not know; neither did I. I had with me at that time Dr. Delamater. We were together. He was under my professional care and I thought it was not best for him to be there any longer, so I took him home. I think after that I went about my professional duties. Senator GRAY. Were you there, after this first hauling down of the Hawaiian flag, when it was hauled up again? Mr. DAY. I do not remember about that; it was about that time I left the opera house and took Dr. Delamater to his home. Senator FRYE. When you were at the Government building, at the time this proclamation was read, did you remain there until the Provisional Government men took possession of the Government building, the archives, and all that—went in and took possession? Mr. DAY. Yes. Senator FRYE. Were any U. S. marines around the Governernment building? Mr. DAY. NO. Senator FRYE. None at all there while you were there? Mr. DAY. NO. Senator FRYE. None in sight of the Government building except the two sentries? Mr. DAY. They were in the grounds of the building of Arion Hall, across the street from the Government building. Senator FRYE. Inside the fence? Mr. DAY. Yes. Senator FRYE. Not out on the street? Mr. DAY. No. Senator GRAY. What sort of fence? Mr. DAY. Picket fence. Senator FRYE. They were not out on the street!